Ichi’s Haven ♬

Written at Thursday, August 19, 2010 | back to top

okay here is the part two :D
enjoy learning guys :D :D

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Need
we can use need :
* need to + infinitive << untuk menyatakan kebutuhan
   : i need to go to the bank as i've run out of cash
     (gw perlu ke bank krn duit gw abis !)

* need + verb ing << untuk menyatakan sesuatu yg
   perlu kita lakukan.
   : your room needs cleaning, it's disgusting !
    (kamar lo perlu dbersihin, kotor bgt!)
    pada bentuk ini, need bisa diganti dgn want
your room wants cleaning.

* need to + be + pas participle (passive infinitive)
   sama seperti diatas. hanya beda bentuk
   : your room needs to be cleaned, it's disgusting.

explanation: infinitive adalah bentuk to + verb.

(Un) able + infinitive
To be (un)able to express (in)ability in the same way
as can, except that we can use be able to in all tenses

note : in the past simple affirmative (kal. positif)
there is a difference in meaning between could and
was/were able to. we use could for general ability
and was/were able to for a spesific situation. (where
it has a similar meaning to "managed to/succeeded")
in the negative however they have the same meaning.
*managed to/succeeded : berhasil*

: i could play tennis very well as a child (general
ability) < gw bisa maen tenis ckup baik sbagai
anak kcil. kemampuan umum-general ability

: i was able to get tickets in the front row (i managed
to get tickets... - gw berhasil dpt tiket bla3x)

: i couldn't get tickets in front row = i wasnt able to
get tickets in bla3x (kal. negatif & positif dlm
bentuk simple past memiliki arti sama, perhati
kan bahwa pd contoh pertama could tidak bisa
diganti dgn was/were able. i was able to play
tennis << salah !!)

Have something done
we use the construction have sth done when we
talk bout sth being done by someone else. (ben
tuk ini dipakai saat kita berbicara ttg suatu
hal yg dilakukan oleh org lain.)

* we had the window cleaned yesterday (the
window cleaner cleaned it for us)

compare : we cleaned the windows yesterday
                    (we did it ourselves)

we can use have in any tenses, past, present
and future. we can also use have with modals

* i can't have my hair cut tomorrow because
   i'm going to the dentist. (can dsni adalah
   modal. - gw ga bsa potong rambut besok
   krn gw mo ke dokter gigi.)
* u really should have the bushes pruned
   (should is a modal. seharusnya rumput2
   itu dipotong!)

note: bila org yg melakukan pekerjaan utk
kita itu dirasa penting bisa diletakkan di
akhir kalimat dgn diawali kata by
misal : i had the car washed by my sister
yesterday.

Gerund
gerund pada dasaranya adalah verb ing.
we can use gerund:
* after prepositions:
   i'm looking forward to going on holiday
   (gw ga sabar pgn pergi pas liburan!)

* after certain verbs:
   jen suggested buying tickets for the
   rolling stones (jen menyarankan beli
   tiket utk konser rollingstones)

* as the subject of a sentence:
   smoking is bad for you.

as the gerund is a noun (kt benda), it
can be preceded by a possessive adj
(his,her,my,your,their, our) or genitive
(kata 's)
: would u mind my bringing peter to the
   party? (apa lo ga keberatan gw ajak
   peter ke pesta?)
: i was annoyed by jim's getting drunk
(gw terganggu sama jim yg lg mabok!)

tapi dalam english yg ga formal, kita dpt
mengganti kalimat tersebut jadi :
: would u mind me bringing peter to the
   party? (apa lo ga keberatan gw ajak
   peter ke pesta?)
: i was annoyed by jim getting drunk
(gw terganggu sama jim yg lg mabok!)

Will / Future continuous
we use will + verb in :
* predictions : i think MU will win the
   match (mnurut gw Mu bakal menang
   itu adalah prediksi.)

* spontaneous decissions
   the weather is so nice, i think I'll go
   for a walk (cuacanya bagus, gw mo
   jln2 ah - kputusan spontan.)

* promises : I'll finish the job by 3 o'
   clock (gw janji bakal kelarin ini jam
   3 ntar - janji)

* threats and conditionals (ancaman/
   bahaya yg dpt timbul dan pengan
   daian)
   : if u don't drive carefully, u'll have
     an accident (ancaman - klo lo
    ga nyetir ati2 lo bsa kcelakaan)
: i'll take a day off if my boss lets me
    (gw mo cuti klo si bos ijinin - pengan
    daian)

however will is not used when making
plans for the future or when a decission
has been made before speaking.
: i will play basketball next week (x)
i'm playing basketball next week (o)

: we've got great plans for the summer.
we will rent a beach house (x)
we're going to rent a beach house (o)

Get for passive
active: the car ran over the dog
   S + Verb + O
pass.: the dog was run over
            S + was/were + past participle
          : the dog got run over
            S + got + past participle

we often use get for passive in these kind
of situation :
* the action received is involuntary
   (perlakuan yg diterima disengaja)
   the soldier got reprimanded for his
   inappropriate behaviour (prajurit itu
   dihukum krn sikapnya yg buruk - ini
   disengaja)

* the action occured by accident
   (hal tsb terjadi krn ga sengaja)
   the boy got electrocuted when he
   put his finger into a light socket
   (anak itu ksetrum saat masukin
   jarinya ke soket lampu-ga dsengaja)

* we want to put a special emphasis on
   the action (kita mau menekankan perbu
   atannya)
   after the fire the entire building got
   reconstructed (abis kbakaran gedung
   itu direkonstruksi-kita mau menekan
   kan perbaikan gedung itu)

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let's learn eglish !! part 2

Written at Thursday, August 19, 2010 | back to top